{"id":16698,"date":"2016-03-14T11:33:29","date_gmt":"2016-03-14T10:33:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.web-dream.fr\/app\/tutoriel-android-utilisation-service-2\/"},"modified":"2019-10-05T07:28:59","modified_gmt":"2019-10-05T06:28:59","slug":"tutorial-android-using-service","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.web-dream.fr\/app\/en\/tutorial-android-using-service\/","title":{"rendered":"Android Tutorial : Using services."},"content":{"rendered":"

[AdSense-A]<\/strong><\/p>\n

We will learn through this Android tutorial how to use a “service” that runs in the background.<\/span><\/p>\n

To illustrate this concept little known<\/span> and somewhat mysterious<\/span>, we will create a small application to make a joke<\/span> to your friends.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Application features.<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Android<\/a><\/td>\n\"Android<\/a><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

The principle is simple, this application replaces the home screen<\/span> of the smartphone with an image showing the broken screen.<\/span><\/p>\n

At launch, the application asks you to validate the joke by pressing<\/span> the center button. Once<\/span> the action taken<\/span>, the application closes and nothing happens<\/span> until the next use of the smartphone by<\/span> your friend.<\/span> He<\/span> then discover<\/span> its<\/span> home screen with<\/span> a false image of the broken screen.<\/p>\n

No stress, once your friend will unlock the smartphone, the false image<\/span> disappear.<\/p>\n

A service, what is it?<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

A service is<\/span> a component<\/span> that runs<\/span> in the background<\/span>. As<\/span> an activity<\/span>, a service<\/span> has a life<\/span> cycle (<\/span>OnCreate<\/span> ()<\/span>,<\/span> OnStart<\/span> (<\/span>Intent<\/span> i)<\/span> or<\/span> OnStartCommand<\/span> (i<\/span> Intent<\/span>, int flags, int startId) and OnDestroy<\/span> ()). The big difference<\/span> is an activity that has no<\/span> GUI. The user therefore can not interact with it.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Why use a service in this tutorial Android?<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n

In some cases, it is useful to create a program that runs in the background, without the application is visible, such as a music player (which works without the application open) or a timing system that performs actions at regular intervals.<\/span><\/p>\n

In our example, we use a service<\/span> so that the user<\/span> does not see<\/span> our application<\/span> running. The display of<\/span> the image of the<\/span> broken screen must be through<\/span> a program that has no GUI and is therefore not visible to the user. To not<\/span> our friend<\/span> would suspect<\/span> the joke, the service<\/span> will add the image when the smartphone<\/span> switches to standby<\/span>. For<\/span> this we will use the service in a “BroadcastReceiver<\/span>” will allow us to detect the<\/span> smartphone<\/span> standby and unlocking (to delete the image and destroy the service).<\/span><\/p>\n

Execution of the application<\/span>.<\/span><\/h2>\n

The visible application.<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
    \n
  1. Launching the application.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  2. Press the center button.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  3. Launch service.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n
  4. Closing the application.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Service.<\/h3>\n
      \n
    1. Detection standby smartphone.<\/span><\/li>\n
    2. Adding the image of the broken screen.<\/span><\/li>\n
    3. When the user presses button to turn on<\/span> the smartphone, the image of the broken screen is visible.<\/span><\/li>\n
    4. Detection of the unlocking<\/span> of the smartphone<\/span> by the user.<\/span><\/li>\n
    5. Remove the image, and destruction of the service.<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Creating the application.<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n
      \u00a0Note: To follow this tutorial, we consider that you know to create a new Android app with Android Studio.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n
        \n
      1. Create a new application with Android Studio by choosing “Blank Activity”.<\/span><\/li>\n
      2. Name the<\/span> application (<\/span>“<\/span>MyJokeApplication<\/span>“) in our case.<\/span><\/li>\n
      3. Once the project<\/span> created by<\/span> Android<\/span> Studio<\/span>, open the<\/span> MainActivity.java file and add the following code:<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

         <\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
        import android.content.Intent;\r\nimport android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;\r\nimport android.os.Bundle;\r\nimport android.view.View;\r\nimport android.widget.Button;\r\n\r\npublic class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {\r\n\r\n    @Override\r\n    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {\r\n        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);\r\n        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);\r\n\r\n        Button button_close_app_and_go_joke = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button_close_app_and_go_joke);\r\n        button_close_app_and_go_joke.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {\r\n            public void onClick(View v) {\r\n\r\n                Intent service = new Intent(getApplicationContext(), JokeService.class);\r\n                startService(service); \/\/ Lancement du service\r\n                finish(); \/\/ Fermeture de l'application\r\n\r\n            }\r\n        });\r\n    }\r\n}<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        <\/div>\n
        \n
        \u00a0The main activity<\/span> is very simple.<\/span> After loading the GUI (R.layout.activity_main), we assign a “listener” to the middle button<\/span> to detect the click by the user.<\/span><\/p>\n
        When clicking<\/span> on the button<\/span>, the application<\/span> starts the service (an Intent and startService) and closes automatically<\/span> (<\/span>finish ()<\/span>). So there is more that the service “runs” in the background<\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n
        The activity_main.xml graphic file<\/span> is also very simple:<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
         <\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
        <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\r\n<RelativeLayout xmlns:android=\"http:\/\/schemas.android.com\/apk\/res\/android\"\r\n    xmlns:tools=\"http:\/\/schemas.android.com\/tools\"\r\n    android:layout_width=\"match_parent\"\r\n    android:layout_height=\"match_parent\"\r\n    android:paddingBottom=\"@dimen\/activity_vertical_margin\"\r\n    android:paddingLeft=\"@dimen\/activity_horizontal_margin\"\r\n    android:paddingRight=\"@dimen\/activity_horizontal_margin\"\r\n    android:paddingTop=\"@dimen\/activity_vertical_margin\"\r\n    tools:context=\"fr.webdream.myjokeapplication.MainActivity\">\r\n\r\n    <Button\r\n        android:layout_width=\"wrap_content\"\r\n        android:layout_height=\"wrap_content\"\r\n        android:text=\"@string\/fermerapplication\"\r\n        android:id=\"@+id\/button_close_app_and_go_joke\"\r\n        android:layout_centerVertical=\"true\"\r\n        android:layout_centerHorizontal=\"true\" \/>\r\n<\/RelativeLayout><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        To work, the service must be initially declared in the manifest file of the application<\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
        <?xml version=\"1.0\" encoding=\"utf-8\"?>\r\n<manifest xmlns:android=\"http:\/\/schemas.android.com\/apk\/res\/android\"\r\n    package=\"fr.webdream.myjokeapplication\">\r\n\r\n    <uses-permission android:name=\"android.permission.SYSTEM_ALERT_WINDOW\" \/>\r\n    <uses-permission android:name=\"android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE\" \/>\r\n\r\n    <application\r\n        android:allowBackup=\"true\"\r\n        android:icon=\"@mipmap\/ic_launcher\"\r\n        android:label=\"@string\/app_name\"\r\n        android:supportsRtl=\"true\"\r\n        android:theme=\"@style\/AppTheme\">\r\n\r\n        <activity android:name=\".MainActivity\">\r\n            <intent-filter>\r\n                <action android:name=\"android.intent.action.MAIN\" \/>\r\n\r\n                <category android:name=\"android.intent.category.LAUNCHER\" \/>\r\n            <\/intent-filter>\r\n        <\/activity>\r\n\r\n        <service<\/span>\r\n            android:name=\".JokeService\"<\/span>\r\n            android:enabled=\"true\"<\/span>\r\n            android:exported=\"true\"><\/service><\/span>\r\n\r\n    <\/application>\r\n\r\n<\/manifest><\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        After starting the service, and<\/span> to detect<\/span> the sleep<\/span> and unlocking of the<\/span> smartphone we will initialize the “BroadcastReceiver<\/span>” in the “onStartCommand” service.<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
        public int onStartCommand (Intent intent, int flags, int startId){\r\n      try {\r\n        IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON);\r\n        filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF); \/\/d\u00e9tection de la mise en veille du smartphone\r\n        filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT); \/\/d\u00e9tection du d\u00e9verrouillage du smartphone\r\n        BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new receiverScreen();\r\n        registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);\r\n    } catch (Exception e) {\r\n\r\n    }\r\n    return START_STICKY;\r\n}\r\n\r\npublic class receiverScreen extends BroadcastReceiver {\r\n\r\n    @Override\r\n    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {\r\n\r\n        if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF)){\r\n            Show_joke(); \/\/Affichage de l'image de l'\u00e9cran cass\u00e9\r\n        }\r\n        if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT)){\r\n            hide_broken_screen_and_destroy_service(); \/\/On supprime l'image et on d\u00e9truit le service.\r\n        }\r\n    }\r\n\r\n}<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        To view \/ delete the image we use the “WindowManager” which<\/span> adds a view to the smartphone screen.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
        private void Show_joke(){\r\n\r\n    if (showing){return;} \/\/Si l'image est d\u00e9j\u00e0 affich\u00e9e, on sort.\r\n\r\n    windowManager = (WindowManager) getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE);\r\n    \r\n    broken_screen_View = new ImageView(this); \/\/Cr\u00e9ation de l'image de l'\u00e9cran cass\u00e9\r\n    Bitmap bmp_broken_screen;\r\n    if(getResources().getDisplayMetrics().widthPixels>getResources().getDisplayMetrics().heightPixels) \/\/On choisi l'image en fonction du mode portrait ou en paysage\r\n    {\r\n        bmp_broken_screen = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.broken_screen_land);\r\n    }\r\n    else\r\n    {\r\n        bmp_broken_screen = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.broken_screen);\r\n    }\r\n    broken_screen_View.setImageBitmap(bmp_broken_screen);\r\n    broken_screen_View.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_XY);\r\n\r\n    \/\/D\u00e9finition des param\u00e8tres a appliquer \u00e0 l'image\r\n    final WindowManager.LayoutParams params = new WindowManager.LayoutParams(WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY, WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_SHOW_WHEN_LOCKED|WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN|WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE, PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT);\r\n\r\n    \/\/Affichage de l'image\r\n    windowManager.addView(broken_screen_View, params);\r\n    showing=true;\r\n}\r\n\r\nprivate void hide_broken_screen_and_destroy_service(){\r\n    windowManager.removeViewImmediate(broken_screen_View);\r\n    showing=false;\r\n    stopSelf();\r\n}<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        This gives us the following complete service<\/span>:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
        \n
        package fr.webdream.myjokeapplication;\r\n\r\nimport android.app.Service;\r\nimport android.content.BroadcastReceiver;\r\nimport android.content.Context;\r\nimport android.content.Intent;\r\nimport android.content.IntentFilter;\r\nimport android.graphics.Bitmap;\r\nimport android.graphics.BitmapFactory;\r\nimport android.os.IBinder;\r\nimport android.graphics.PixelFormat;\r\nimport android.util.Log;\r\nimport android.view.WindowManager;\r\nimport android.widget.ImageView;\r\n\r\npublic class JokeService extends Service {\r\n\r\n    private WindowManager windowManager;\r\n    private ImageView broken_screen_View;\r\n    private Boolean showing;\r\n\r\n    public JokeService() {\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @Override\r\n    public IBinder onBind(Intent intent) {\r\n        \/\/ TODO: Return the communication channel to the service.\r\n        return null;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    public int onStartCommand (Intent intent, int flags, int startId){\r\n\r\n          try {\r\n            IntentFilter filter = new IntentFilter(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_ON);\r\n\r\n            filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF);\r\n            filter.addAction(Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT);\r\n\r\n            BroadcastReceiver mReceiver = new receiverScreen();\r\n\r\n            registerReceiver(mReceiver, filter);\r\n        } catch (Exception e) {\r\n\r\n        }\r\n\r\n        return START_STICKY;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @Override\r\n    public void onCreate() {\r\n        super.onCreate();\r\n        showing=false;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    @Override\r\n    public void onDestroy(){\r\n        Log.v(\"SERVICE\", \"Service killed\");\r\n        if (showing){\r\n            windowManager.removeViewImmediate(broken_screen_View);\r\n            showing=false;\r\n        }\r\n        super.onDestroy();\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    private void Show_joke(){\r\n\r\n        if (showing){return;} \/\/Si l'image est d\u00e9j\u00e0 affich\u00e9e, on sort.\r\n\r\n        windowManager = (WindowManager) getSystemService(WINDOW_SERVICE);\r\n\r\n        broken_screen_View = new ImageView(this); \/\/Cr\u00e9ation de l'image de l'\u00e9cran cass\u00e9\r\n        Bitmap bmp_broken_screen;\r\n        if(getResources().getDisplayMetrics().widthPixels>getResources().getDisplayMetrics().heightPixels) \/\/On choisi l'image en fonction du mode portrait ou en paysage\r\n        {\r\n            bmp_broken_screen = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.broken_screen_land);\r\n        }\r\n        else\r\n        {\r\n            bmp_broken_screen = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(getResources(), R.drawable.broken_screen);\r\n        }\r\n        broken_screen_View.setImageBitmap(bmp_broken_screen);\r\n        broken_screen_View.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.FIT_XY);\r\n\r\n        \/\/D\u00e9finition des param\u00e8tres a appliquer \u00e0 l'image\r\n        final WindowManager.LayoutParams params = new WindowManager.LayoutParams(WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, WindowManager.LayoutParams.MATCH_PARENT, WindowManager.LayoutParams.TYPE_SYSTEM_OVERLAY, WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_SHOW_WHEN_LOCKED|WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_LAYOUT_IN_SCREEN|WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_NOT_FOCUSABLE, PixelFormat.TRANSLUCENT);\r\n\r\n        \/\/Affichage de l'image\r\n        windowManager.addView(broken_screen_View, params);\r\n        showing=true;\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    private void hide_broken_screen_and_destroy_service(){\r\n        windowManager.removeViewImmediate(broken_screen_View);\r\n        showing=false;\r\n        stopSelf();\r\n    }\r\n\r\n    public class receiverScreen extends BroadcastReceiver {\r\n\r\n        @Override\r\n        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {\r\n\r\n            if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_SCREEN_OFF)){\r\n                Show_joke(); \/\/Affichage de l'image de l'\u00e9cran cass\u00e9\r\n            }\r\n            if (intent.getAction().equals(Intent.ACTION_USER_PRESENT)){\r\n                hide_broken_screen_and_destroy_service(); \/\/On supprime l'image et on d\u00e9truit le service.\r\n            }\r\n        }\r\n\r\n    }\r\n\r\n}<\/pre>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
        In conclusion, the use of service in an Android application is simple and can be very useful in applications or background tasks actions must be performed.<\/span><\/p>\n
        If you wish to reproduce<\/span> this app you will find<\/span> two image files (<\/span>portrait and landscape) used:<\/p>\n
        Image portrait<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n
        Image landscape<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n
         <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
        [AdSense-A] We will learn through this Android tutorial how to use a “service” that runs in the background. To illustrate this concept little known and somewhat mysterious, we will create a small application to make a joke to your friends.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[198,205],"tags":[206,207,208,209],"class_list":["post-16698","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-tutorial","category-tutoriel-android-en","tag-android-en","tag-service-en","tag-tuto-en","tag-tutoriel-en"],"yoast_head":"\nAndroid Tutorial : Using services. - WEB DREAM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Android tutorial for using services in an application. 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